man-h,
while I concur with the rest of the answers I differ for the following one,
Quote:
Originally Posted by gmat_delhi2007 View Post
5) Advertisement: For sinus pain, three out of four hospitals give their patients Novex. So when you want the most effective painkiller for sinus pain, Novex is the one to choose.
Which of the following, if true, most seriously undermines the advertisement's argument?
(A) Some competing brands of painkillers are intended to reduce other kinds of pain in addition to sinus pain.
(B) Many hospitals that do not usually use Novex will do so for those patients who cannot tolerate the drug the hospitals usually use.
(C) Many drug manufacturers increase sales of their products to hospitals by selling these products to the hospitals at the lowest price the manufacturers can afford.
(D) Unlike some competing brands of painkillers, Novex is available from pharmacies without a doctor's prescription.
(E) In clinical trials Novex has been found more effective than competing brands of painkillers that have been on the market longer than Novex
(A) Data about competing brands is irrelevant.
(B) Irrelevant.
(D) Non-prescription is irrelevant.
(E) strengthens rather than weakens.
Answer is (C). It provides an alternate explanation.
I think , B is the correct answer.
The advertisement says 3 out of 4 hospitals prescribe drug XX for sinus pain , but it doesn't say , 3 out of 4 patients were prescribed drug XX .
some patients may have intolerance to the drug YY ( which most of the hospitals would prescribe for sinus pain ) and hence suggest XX. If a hospital prescribes drug XX once , the advertiser could claim that hospital in the list of 3/4 hospitals but that hospital might have prescribed drug YY for the rest of the N-1 patients.
pls. let me know your view on this.
man-h,
while I concur with the rest of the answers I differ for the following one,
Quote:
Originally Posted by gmat_delhi2007 View Post
5) Advertisement: For sinus pain, three out of four hospitals give their patients Novex. So when you want the most effective painkiller for sinus pain, Novex is the one to choose.
Which of the following, if true, most seriously undermines the advertisement's argument?
(A) Some competing brands of painkillers are intended to reduce other kinds of pain in addition to sinus pain.
(B) Many hospitals that do not usually use Novex will do so for those patients who cannot tolerate the drug the hospitals usually use.
(C) Many drug manufacturers increase sales of their products to hospitals by selling these products to the hospitals at the lowest price the manufacturers can afford.
(D) Unlike some competing brands of painkillers, Novex is available from pharmacies without a doctor's prescription.
(E) In clinical trials Novex has been found more effective than competing brands of painkillers that have been on the market longer than Novex
(A) Data about competing brands is irrelevant.
(B) Irrelevant.
(D) Non-prescription is irrelevant.
(E) strengthens rather than weakens.
Answer is (C). It provides an alternate explanation.
I think , B is the correct answer.
The advertisement says 3 out of 4 hospitals prescribe drug XX for sinus pain , but it doesn't say , 3 out of 4 patients were prescribed drug XX .
some patients may have intolerance to the drug YY ( which most of the hospitals would prescribe for sinus pain ) and hence suggest XX. If a hospital prescribes drug XX once , the advertiser could claim that hospital in the list of 3/4 hospitals but that hospital might have prescribed drug YY for the rest of the N-1 patients.
pls. let me know your view on this.
Answer to the Sinus NOVEX CR is C.
C explains why Hospitals may have a reason to prescribe NOVEX for Sinus. They r getting the medicines at the cheapest price, hence 3/4 hospitals have stronger reasons to prescribe NOVEX.
But at the same time, NOVEX does not qualify as the best drug available for SINUS, which directly undermines the advertisement's claim.
B is not the answer -- as we have to undermine - "So when you want the most effective painkiller for sinus pain, Novex is the one to choose."
B does not provide any alternate explanations and to some extent is irrelevant.
My Answers to the 6 CRs from gmat_delhi2007 were:
1. D
2. A {B hmm I wasnt too sure}
3. D
4. B
5. C
1) Advertiser: The revenue that newspapers and magazines earn by publishing advertisements allows publishers to keep the prices per copy of their publications much lower than would otherwise be possible. Therefore, consumers benefit economically from advertising.
Consumer: But who pays for the advertising that pays for low-priced newspapers and magazines? We consumers do, because advertisers pass along advertising costs to us through the higher prices they charge for their products.
Which of the following best describes how the consumer counters the advertiser's argument?
(A) By alleging something that, if true, would weaken the plausibility of the advertiser's conclusion
(B) By questioning the truth of the purportedly factual statement on which the advertiser's conclusion is based
(C) By offering an interpretation of the advertiser's opening statement that, if accurate, shows that there is an implicit contradiction in it
(D) By pointing out that the advertiser's point of view is biased
(E) By arguing that the advertiser too narrowly restricts the discussion to the effects of advertising that are economic
2) The average age of chief executive officers (CEO's) in a large sample of companies is 57. The average age of CEO's in those same companies 20 years ago was approximately eight years younger. On the basis of those data, it can be concluded that CEO's in general tend to be older now.
Which of the following casts the most doubt on the conclusion drawn above?
(A) The dates when the CEO's assumed their current positions have not been specified.
(B) No information is given concerning the average number of years that CEO's remain in office.
(C) The information is based only on companies that have been operating for at least 20 years.
(D) Only approximate information is given concerning the average age of the CEO's 20 years ago.
(E) Information concerning the exact number of companies in the sample has not been given.
3) Surveys show that every year only 10 percent of cigarette smokers switch brands. Yet the manufacturers have been spending an amount equal to 10 percent of their gross receipts on cigarette promotion in magazines. It follows from these figures that inducing cigarette smokers to switch brands did not pay, and that cigarette companies would have been no worse off economically if they had dropped their advertising.
Of the following, the best criticism of the conclusion that inducing cigarette smokers to switch brands did not pay is that the conclusion is based on
(A) computing advertising costs as a percentage of gross receipts, not of overall costs
(B) past patterns of smoking and may not carry over to the future
(C) the assumption that each smoker is loyal to a single brand of cigarettes at any one time
(D) the assumption that each manufacturer produces only one brand of cigarettes
(E) figures for the cigarette industry as a whole and may not hold for a particular company
Question Source: 1000 CR
1) Test 2, Q. 16. Answer (A)
2) Test 4, Q. 18. Answer (C)
3) Test 4, Q. 19. Answer (E)
1) A study of marital relationships in which one partners sleeping and waking cycles differ from those of the other partner reveals that such couples share fewer activities with each other and have more violent arguments than do couples in a relationship in which both partners follow the same sleeping and waking patterns. Thus, mismatched sleeping and waking cycles can seriously jeopardize a marriage.
Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument above?
(A) Married couples in which both spouses follow the same sleeping and waking patterns also occasionally have arguments than can jeopardize the couples marriage.
(B) The sleeping and waking cycles of individuals tend to vary from season to season.
(C) The individuals who have sleeping and waking cycles that differ significantly from those of their spouses tend to argue little with colleagues at work.
(D) People in unhappy marriages have been found to express hostility by adopting a different sleeping and waking cycle from that of their spouses.
(E) According to a recent study, most peoples sleeping and waking cycles can be controlled and modified easily
2) Roland: The alarming fact is that 90 percent of the people in this country now report that they know someone who is unemployed.
Sharon: But a normal, moderate level of unemployment is 5 percent, with 1 out of 20 workers unemployed. So at any given time if a person knows approximately 50 workers, 1 or more will very likely be unemployed.
Sharons argument relies on the assumption that
(A) normal levels of unemployment are rarely exceeded
(B) unemployment is not normally concentrated in geographically isolated segments of the population
(C) the number of people who each know someone who is unemployed is always higher than 90% of the population
(D) Roland is not consciously distorting the statistics he presents
(E) knowledge that a personal acquaintance is unemployed generates more fear of losing ones job than does knowledge of unemployment statistics
3) For a trade embargo against a particular country to succeed, a high degree of both international accord and ability to prevent goods from entering or leaving that country must be sustained. A total blockade of Patrias ports is necessary to an embargo, but such an action would be likely to cause international discord over the embargo.
The claims above, if true, most strongly support which of the following conclusions?
(A) The balance of opinion is likely to favor Patria in the event of a blockade.
(B) As long as international opinion is unanimously against Patria, a trade embargo is likely to succeed.
(C) A naval blockade of Patrias ports would ensure that no goods enter or leave Patria.
(D) Any trade embargo against Patria would be likely to fail at some time.
(E) For a blockade of Patrias ports to be successful, international opinion must be unanimous.
4) Most employees in the computer industry move from company to company, changing jobs several times in their careers. However, Summit Computers is known throughout the industry for retaining its employees. Summit credits its success in retaining employees to its informal, nonhierarchical work environment.
Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports Summits explanation of its success in retaining employees?
(A) Some people employed in the computer industry change jobs if they become bored with their current projects.
(B) A hierarchical work environment hinders the cooperative exchange of ideas that computer industry employees consider necessary for their work.
(C) Many of Summits senior employees had previously worked at only one other computer company.
(D) In a nonhierarchical work environment, people avoid behavior that might threaten group harmony and thus avoid discussing with their colleagues any dissatisfaction they might have with their jobs.
(E) The cost of living near Summit is relatively low compared to areas in which some other computer companies are located
5) Advertisement: For sinus pain, three out of four hospitals give their patients Novex. So when you want the most effective painkiller for sinus pain, Novex is the one to choose.
Which of the following, if true, most seriously undermines the advertisements argument?
(A) Some competing brands of painkillers are intended to reduce other kinds of pain in addition to sinus pain.
(B) Many hospitals that do not usually use Novex will do so for those patients who cannot tolerate the drug the hospitals usually use.
(C) Many drug manufacturers increase sales of their products to hospitals by selling these products to the hospitals at the lowest price the manufacturers can afford.
(D) Unlike some competing brands of painkillers, Novex is available from pharmacies without a doctors prescription.
(E) In clinical trials Novex has been found more effective than competing brands of painkillers that have been on the market longer than Novex
sorry for being late in postin the ans
1)D
2)B
3)D(still cant get it y E is wrong)
4)B(but dnt know hw a hierarchical environ can negate a non heirchical )
5)D(guess some prob with the ans itself)
sorry for being late in postin the ans
1)D
2)B
3)D(still cant get it y E is wrong)
4)B(but dnt know hw a hierarchical environ can negate a non heirchical )
5)D(guess some prob with the ans itself)
GD,
You are making a very fundamental mistake. The first rule is "Do not assume anything other than that given in the passage." For example, when you are saying that "4)B(but dnt know hw a hierarchical environ can negate a non heirchical )", you are assuming things about a hierarchical environment based on your beliefs. Read the question. It says, "Which of the following, if true, most strongly... ". You have to assume that its true.
hi i think that the answer is choce (c)
it may be justified as, the above advertisement, states that 3 out of 4 hospital gives novex as pain killer - WHICH is a EVIDENCE for the CONCLUSION tht novex is the best choice for the pain.
overall the argument is stated on the assumption as more hospitals prescribes novex. it is a best pain killer.
In choice C, the author weakens this point of better medicine by stating a fact that hospitals buy it bcoz of lower cost and hence thats the reason they prescribes it not bcoz its more effective...
wehere as i guess teh option B, actually strengthens the argument...so thats irrelevant
hi i think that the answer is choce (c)
it may be justified as, the above advertisement, states that 3 out of 4 hospital gives novex as pain killer - WHICH is a EVIDENCE for the CONCLUSION tht novex is the best choice for the pain.
overall the argument is stated on the assumption as more hospitals prescribes novex. it is a best pain killer.
In choice C, the author weakens this point of better medicine by stating a fact that hospitals buy it bcoz of lower cost and hence thats the reason they prescribes it not bcoz its more effective...
wehere as i guess teh option B, actually strengthens the argument...so thats irrelevant
Bipul, Sumeet,
Thanks for the explainations.
I now started to think in your way, but then I have one more question to get totally convinced that the answer choice B is the correct one.
If , as per the answer choice B, most drug companies tend to sell at low prices to increase sales, why only drug XXX is prescribed by 3/4 of hospitals , why not other drugs ( they may also sell for lower prices)??
Once again, appreciate your patience with me sir!
dude.....do not let ur assumptions and general knowledge come in between to the logic stated by the author.....solve it with a fresh mind.....what u are saying is true...but here in this question, the author does not want to think ur way but rather.....u have to think his way....
see what i have learnt in critical reasoning thing is that u have evidence to prove conclusion
and then u have an assumption, by author which is actually his logic. U need to first realise that logic and then answer the question. even if thats not correct
choice D is totally out of scope dude!!!!! the logic here is not about north but the envirnoment....
the answer will will D,
the author want to stress on the prices that have raised due to shortage of pepper production rahther than the profit made by the traders....
bcoz there might be a possibility that even though the prices have been equal to the cocoa...but it might not be a profitable product.....
i hope i am making sense and i am able to explain it...
ahmadazeem777 SaysE All the way.
hi dude....can u please explain me this question not able to get through....
1)Determining the authenticity of purported pre-Columbian artifacts is never easy. Carbon-14 dating of these artifacts is often impossible due to contamination by radioactive palladium (which occurs naturally in the soils of Central and South America). However, historians and anthropologists have evolved two reliable criteria, which, utilized in combination, have proven effective for dating these artifacts. First, because authentic pre-Columbian artifacts characteristically occur in a coarse, granular matrix that is shifted by major earthquakes, they often exhibit the unique scratch patterns known as gridding. In addition, true pre-Columbian artifacts show a darkening in surface color that is caused by centuries of exposure to the minute amounts of magnesium in the soil of the Americas.
The criteria above would be LEAST useful in judging the authenticity of which of the following?
(A) An ax head of black obsidian, unearthed from a kitchen midden
(B) A pottery bowl with a red ocher design, found in the ruins of a temple
(C) A set of gold ear weights, ornamented with jasper pendants
(D) A black feather cape from a kings burial vault
(E) A multicolored woven sash found near the gravesite of a slave
2)
In general, a professional athlete is offered a million-dollar contract only if he or she has just completed an unusually successful season. However, a study shows that an athlete signing such a contract usually suffers a decline in performance the following season. This study supports the theory that a million-dollar contract tends to weaken an athletes desire to excel by diminishing his or her economic incentive.
Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the conclusion drawn above?
(A) On the average, athletes whose contracts call for relatively small salaries with possible bonuses for outstanding achievement perform better than other athletes.
(B) Athletes are generally offered million-dollar contracts mainly because of the increased ticket sales and other revenues they generate.
(C) Many professional athletes have careers marked by year-to-year fluctuations in their overall levels of performance.
(D) On the average, higher-salaried athletes tend to have longer and more successful professional careers than do lower-salaried athletes.
(E) Six of the ten leading batters in the National League this season signed million-dollar contracts during the off-season.
Answers invited for above mentioned CR with proper explaination...
Thanks in advance,
Naive
The criteria above would be LEAST useful in judging the authenticity of which of the following?
(A) An ax head of black obsidian, unearthed from a kitchen midden
(B) A pottery bowl with a red ocher design, found in the ruins of a temple
(C) A set of gold ear weights, ornamented with jasper pendants
(D) A black feather cape from a kings burial vault
(E) A multicolored woven sash found near the gravesite of a slave
2)
In general, a professional athlete is offered a million-dollar contract only if he or she has just completed an unusually successful season. However, a study shows that an athlete signing such a contract usually suffers a decline in performance the following season. This study supports the theory that a million-dollar contract tends to weaken an athletes desire to excel by diminishing his or her economic incentive.
Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the conclusion drawn above?
(A) On the average, athletes whose contracts call for relatively small salaries with possible bonuses for outstanding achievement perform better than other athletes.
(B) Athletes are generally offered million-dollar contracts mainly because of the increased ticket sales and other revenues they generate.
(C) Many professional athletes have careers marked by year-to-year fluctuations in their overall levels of performance.
(D) On the average, higher-salaried athletes tend to have longer and more successful professional careers than do lower-salaried athletes.
(E) Six of the ten leading batters in the National League this season signed million-dollar contracts during the off-season.
Answers invited for above mentioned CR with proper explaination...
Thanks in advance,
Naive
1)Determining the authenticity of purported pre-Columbian artifacts is never easy. Carbon-14 dating of these artifacts is often impossible due to contamination by radioactive palladium (which occurs naturally in the soils of Central and South America). However, historians and anthropologists have evolved two reliable criteria, which, utilized in combination, have proven effective for dating these artifacts. First, because authentic pre-Columbian artifacts characteristically occur in a coarse, granular matrix that is shifted by major earthquakes, they often exhibit the unique scratch patterns known as gridding. In addition, true pre-Columbian artifacts show a darkening in surface color that is caused by centuries of exposure to the minute amounts of magnesium in the soil of the Americas.
The criteria above would be LEAST useful in judging the authenticity of which of the following?
(A) An ax head of black obsidian, unearthed from a kitchen midden
(B) A pottery bowl with a red ocher design, found in the ruins of a temple
(C) A set of gold ear weights, ornamented with jasper pendants
(D) A black feather cape from a kings burial vault
(E) A multicolored woven sash found near the gravesite of a slave
2)
In general, a professional athlete is offered a million-dollar contract only if he or she has just completed an unusually successful season. However, a study shows that an athlete signing such a contract usually suffers a decline in performance the following season. This study supports the theory that a million-dollar contract tends to weaken an athletes desire to excel by diminishing his or her economic incentive.
Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the conclusion drawn above?
(A) On the average, athletes whose contracts call for relatively small salaries with possible bonuses for outstanding achievement perform better than other athletes.
(B) Athletes are generally offered million-dollar contracts mainly because of the increased ticket sales and other revenues they generate.
(C) Many professional athletes have careers marked by year-to-year fluctuations in their overall levels of performance.
(D) On the average, higher-salaried athletes tend to have longer and more successful professional careers than do lower-salaried athletes.
(E) Six of the ten leading batters in the National League this season signed million-dollar contracts during the off-season.
e...according to me does not make sense bcoz..
Answers invited for above mentioned CR with proper explaination...
Thanks in advance,
Naive
hi dude
i am sorry....was actually not able to understand the 1st question
as for the second...
i think A will be the right choice....
bcoz as far as i understand....the author wants to highlight the asuumption of higher bonus/incentives to be a motivating factor for the players...
b is out of scope...
c...author is not bothered about the fluctuations....he stated that " after a unusual successful season
d...weakens the asssumption rather than strengthening it
e...according to me does not make sense...as the author wants to strengthen his conclusion of poor performance after singing of million dollar contracts with the assumption that its not good for their performance...
let me know the correct answer !!!!
cheers
1)Determining the authenticity of purported pre-Columbian artifacts is never easy. Carbon-14 dating of these artifacts is often impossible due to contamination by radioactive palladium (which occurs naturally in the soils of Central and South America). However, historians and anthropologists have evolved two reliable criteria, which, utilized in combination, have proven effective for dating these artifacts. First, because authentic pre-Columbian artifacts characteristically occur in a coarse, granular matrix that is shifted by major earthquakes, they often exhibit the unique scratch patterns known as gridding. In addition, true pre-Columbian artifacts show a darkening in surface color that is caused by centuries of exposure to the minute amounts of magnesium in the soil of the Americas.
The criteria above would be LEAST useful in judging the authenticity of which of the following?
(A) An ax head of black obsidian, unearthed from a kitchen midden
(B) A pottery bowl with a red ocher design, found in the ruins of a temple
(C) A set of gold ear weights, ornamented with jasper pendants
(D) A black feather cape from a king's burial vault
(E) A multicolored woven sash found near the gravesite of a slave
(A),(B) and (C) can exhibit "gridding" and might undergo discolouration as well.
(E) can undergo discolouration.
(D) is a feather cape hence cannot undergo "gridding" and is black, hence cannot undergo "discolouration".
There I think (D) is the answer.
2)
In general, a professional athlete is offered a million-dollar contract only if he or she has just completed an unusually successful season. However, a study shows that an athlete signing such a contract usually suffers a decline in performance the following season. This study supports the theory that a million-dollar contract tends to weaken an athlete's desire to excel by diminishing his or her economic incentive.
Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the conclusion drawn above?
(A) On the average, athletes whose contracts call for relatively small salaries with possible bonuses for outstanding achievement perform better than other athletes.
(B) Athletes are generally offered million-dollar contracts mainly because of the increased ticket sales and other revenues they generate.
(C) Many professional athletes have careers marked by year-to-year fluctuations in their overall levels of performance.
(D) On the average, higher-salaried athletes tend to have longer and more successful professional careers than do lower-salaried athletes.
(E) Six of the ten leading batters in the National League this season signed million-dollar contracts during the off-season.
(A) seems to be the only options which presents facts which support the argument.
where are the answers dude ?/
Answerssssssssss
I guess these were easy as 2 of u got them right....bingo
1) D
2) A
This study supports the theory that a million-dollar contract tends to weaken an athletes desire to excel by diminishing his or her economic incentive.
I didn't get the above mentioned line in 2 Question....Can somebody explain
Plz help me out with these...
When people evade income taxes by not declaring taxable income，a vicious cycle results．Tax evasion forces lawmakers to raise income tax rates．Which causes the tax burden on nonevading taxpayers to become heavier. This，in turn，encourages even more taxpayers to evade income taxes by hiding taxable income．
The vicious cycle described above could not result unless which of the following were true?
(A) An Increase in tax rates tends to function as an incentive for taxpayers to try to increase their pretax incomes．
(B) Some methods for detecting tax evaders, and thus recovering some tax revenue lost through evasion，bring in more than they cost，but their success rate varies from year to year.
(C) When lawmakers establish income tax rates in order to generate a certain level of revenue, they do not allow adequately for revenue that will be lost through evasion．
(D) No one who routinely hides some taxable income can be induced by a lowering of tax rates to stop hiding such income unless fines for evaders are raised at the same time．
(E) Taxpayers do not differ from each other with respect to the rate of taxation that will cause them to evade taxes．
Because postage rates are rising，Home Decorator magazine plans to maximize its profits by reducing by one-half the number of issues it publishes each year．The quality of articles，the number of articles published per year, and the subscription price will not change．Market research shows that neither subscribers nor advertisers will be lost if the magazine's plan is instituted．
Which of the following，if true，provides the strongest evidence that the magazine's profits are likely to decline if the plan is instituted?
(A) With the new postage rates，a typical issue under the proposed plan would cost about one-third more to mail than a typical current issue would．
(B) The majority of the magazine's subscribers are less concerned about a possible reduction in the quantity of the magazine's articles than about a possible loss of the current high quality of its articles．
(C) Many of the magazine's long-time subscribers would continue their subscriptions even if the subscription price were increased．
(D) Most of the advertisers that purchase advertising space In the magazine will continue to spend the same amount on advertising per issue as they have in the past．
(E) Production costs for the magazine are expected to remain stable
There is a great deal of geographical variation in the frequency of many surgical proceduresup to tenfold variation per hundred thousand people among different areas in the numbers of hysterectomies, prostatectomies, and tonsillectomies．
To support a conclusion that much of the variation is due to unnecessary surgical procedures，it would be most important to establish which of the following?
(A) A local board of review at each hospital examines the records of every operation to determine whether the surgical procedure was necessary．
(B) The variation is unrelated to factors (other than the surgical procedures themselves) that influence the incidence of diseases for which surgery might be considered．
(C) There are several categories of surgical procedure(other than hysterectomies， prostatectomies，and tonsillectomies)that are often performed unnecessarily．
(D) For certain surgical procedures．it is difficult to determine after the operation whether the procedures were necessary or whether alternative treatment would have succeeded．
(E) With respect to how often they are performed unnecessarily, hysterectomies，prostatectomies，and tonsillectomies are representative of surgical procedures in general
I think the ans is
1.D
2.B
1)Determining the authenticity of purported pre-Columbian artifacts is never easy. Carbon-14 dating of these artifacts is often impossible due to contamination by radioactive palladium (which occurs naturally in the soils of Central and South America). However, historians and anthropologists have evolved two reliable criteria, which, utilized in combination, have proven effective for dating these artifacts. First, because authentic pre-Columbian artifacts characteristically occur in a coarse, granular matrix that is shifted by major earthquakes, they often exhibit the unique scratch patterns known as gridding. In addition, true pre-Columbian artifacts show a darkening in surface color that is caused by centuries of exposure to the minute amounts of magnesium in the soil of the Americas.
The criteria above would be LEAST useful in judging the authenticity of which of the following?
(A) An ax head of black obsidian, unearthed from a kitchen midden
(B) A pottery bowl with a red ocher design, found in the ruins of a temple
(C) A set of gold ear weights, ornamented with jasper pendants
(D) A black feather cape from a kings burial vault
(E) A multicolored woven sash found near the gravesite of a slave
2)
In general, a professional athlete is offered a million-dollar contract only if he or she has just completed an unusually successful season. However, a study shows that an athlete signing such a contract usually suffers a decline in performance the following season. This study supports the theory that a million-dollar contract tends to weaken an athletes desire to excel by diminishing his or her economic incentive.
Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the conclusion drawn above?
(A) On the average, athletes whose contracts call for relatively small salaries with possible bonuses for outstanding achievement perform better than other athletes.
(B) Athletes are generally offered million-dollar contracts mainly because of the increased ticket sales and other revenues they generate.
(C) Many professional athletes have careers marked by year-to-year fluctuations in their overall levels of performance.
(D) On the average, higher-salaried athletes tend to have longer and more successful professional careers than do lower-salaried athletes.
(E) Six of the ten leading batters in the National League this season signed million-dollar contracts during the off-season.
Answers invited for above mentioned CR with proper explaination...
Thanks in advance,
Naive
1. D --> The feather cape was found in king's burial vault, and hence it CAN NEVER get in contact with soil, thereby no reactions with magnesium. Since it is feather, it cannot undergo the process of "gridding". Hence, none of the methods can b applied in case of the Feather Cape.
2. A --> The only possible answer choice, which is self-explanatory. It directly strengthens the fact the MILLION DOLLAR SALARIES result in a poor performance of atheletes. Instead - a lower salary and performance-linked bonuses brings out the best performance. And thats what we want.
Thanks,
Bipul
I think the ans is
1.D
2.B
When people evade income taxes by not declaring taxable income，a vicious cycle results．Tax evasion forces lawmakers to raise income tax rates．Which causes the tax burden on nonevading taxpayers to become heavier. This，in turn，encourages even more taxpayers to evade income taxes by hiding taxable income．
The vicious cycle described above could not result unless which of the following were true?
(A) An Increase in tax rates tends to function as an incentive for taxpayers to try to increase their pretax incomes．
(B) Some methods for detecting tax evaders, and thus recovering some tax revenue lost through evasion，bring in more than they cost，but their success rate varies from year to year.
(C) When lawmakers establish income tax rates in order to generate a certain level of revenue, they do not allow adequately for revenue that will be lost through evasion．
(D) No one who routinely hides some taxable income can be induced by a lowering of tax rates to stop hiding such income unless fines for evaders are raised at the same time．
(E) Taxpayers do not differ from each other with respect to the rate of taxation that will cause them to evade taxes．
Answer Choice : 'C' explains that the rate that has been fixed doesn't consider the loss of revenue from defaulters ( evaders ). This has to be proved correct for the vicious cycle to be formed.
Because postage rates are rising，Home Decorator magazine plans to maximize its profits by reducing by one-half the number of issues it publishes each year．The quality of articles，the number of articles published per year, and the subscription price will not change．Market research shows that neither subscribers nor advertisers will be lost if the magazine's plan is instituted．
Which of the following，if true，provides the strongest evidence that the magazine's profits are likely to decline if the plan is instituted?
(A) With the new postage rates，a typical issue under the proposed plan would cost about one-third more to mail than a typical current issue would．
(B) The majority of the magazine's subscribers are less concerned about a possible reduction in the quantity of the magazine's articles than about a possible loss of the current high quality of its articles．
(C) Many of the magazine's long-time subscribers would continue their subscriptions even if the subscription price were increased．
(D) Most of the advertisers that purchase advertising space In the magazine will continue to spend the same amount on advertising per issue as they have in the past．
(E) Production costs for the magazine are expected to remain stable
Answer Choice: 'D' says that the advertisers are going to spend the same
amount on per issue basis. Since the company is reducing the number of issues in an year, its going to get less money from the advertisers, which could possibly lead to lesser profits.
There is a great deal of geographical variation in the frequency of many surgical proceduresup to tenfold variation per hundred thousand people among different areas in the numbers of hysterectomies, prostatectomies, and tonsillectomies．
To support a conclusion that much of the variation is due to unnecessary surgical procedures，it would be most important to establish which of the following?
(A) A local board of review at each hospital examines the records of every operation to determine whether the surgical procedure was necessary．
(B) The variation is unrelated to factors (other than the surgical procedures themselves) that influence the incidence of diseases for which surgery might be considered．
(C) There are several categories of surgical procedure(other than hysterectomies， prostatectomies，and tonsillectomies)that are often performed unnecessarily．
(D) For certain surgical procedures．it is difficult to determine after the operation whether the procedures were necessary or whether alternative treatment would have succeeded．
(E) With respect to how often they are performed unnecessarily, hysterectomies，prostatectomies，and tonsillectomies are representative of surgical procedures in general
Anser Choice : 'E'
Given that there is a great variation in frequency ( 10 fold ) in hysterectomies，prostatectomies，and tonsillectomies , if it is proved that these are the representatives, the conclusion is then supported.
Hence :
C
D
E
New Questions
In the United States, vacationers account for more than half of all visitors to what are technically called pure aquariums but for fewer than one quarter of all visitors to zoos, which usually include a zoo aquarium of relatively modest scope.
Which of the following, if true, most helps to account for the difference described above between visitors to zoos and visitors to pure aquariums?
(A) In cities that have both a zoo and a pure aquarium, local residents are twice as likely to visit the aquarium as they are to visit the zoo.
(B) Virtually all large metropolitan areas have zoos, whereas only a few large metropolitan areas have pure aquariums.
(C) Over the last ten years, newly constructed pure aquariums have outnumbered newly established zoos by a factor of two to one.
(D) People who visit a zoo in a given year are two times more likely to visit a pure aquarium that year than are people who do not visit a zoo.
(E) The zoo aquariums of zoos that are in the same city as a pure aquarium tend to be smaller than the aquariums of zoos that have no pure aquarium nearby.
Manni
Potato cyst nematodes are a pest of potato crops. The nematodes can lie dormant for several years in their cysts, which are protective capsules, and do not emerge except in the presence of chemicals emitted by potato roots. A company that has identified the relevant chemicals is planning to market them to potato farmers to spread on their fields when no potatoes are planted; any nematodes that emerge will soon starve to death.
Which of the following, if true, best supports the claim that the companys plan will be successful?
(A) Nematodes that have emerged from their cysts can be killed by ordinary pesticides.
(B) The only part of a potato plant that a nematode eats is the roots.
(C) Some bacteria commonly present in the roots of potatoes digest the chemicals that cause the nematodes to emerge from their cysts.
(D) Trials have shown that spreading even minute quantities of the chemicals on potato fields caused nine-tenths of the nematodes present to emerge from their cysts.
(E) The chemicals that cause the nematodes to emerge from their cysts are not emitted all the time the potato plant is growing.
Please post answers with explainations
Cheers!!!!!!
Naive