When two particles in motion interact only
under the internal forces of the system, and exchange momentum due to the
impulse of forces, the phenomenon is called impulse. Let’s first understand the
concept of collision then we will carry on with the concept of impact, in which
bodies get in physical contact with each other.
Follow the video below to understand basics
of collisions –https://youtu.be/Jl1yu1bna5s
As
we have seen in collision there is an internal which is responsible for
transfer of momentum from one body to another. As the forces of equal magnitude
act in opposite direction on the two bodies for equal duration, momentum will
be transferred from one body to another in the process.
Types
of Collisions based on material of bodies: Depending
upon different types of body materials collisions can be classified in three
categories –
a.
Elastic Collisions
b.
Partially Elastic Collisions
c.
Inelastic Collisions
For these types we need to first discuss
about the materials types as well.
Follow the video below for details –
The understanding of different types of
materials helps us to keep in mind that in case of elastic materials when some
work is done in deformation of material, the energy spent is stored in form of
elastic potential energy of body. In case of partially elastic material it
dissipates partially and remaining is stored which can be retrieved back. But
in case of inelastic materials whole work done in deformation is dissipated and
no energy is left in stored form.
The analysis of Collisions based on the
material of bodies will be very important in understanding the applications of
collisions in various problems.